Speaking · task 34 min 30 · no preparationLevel B2

Should cars be banned from city centres?

The task

4 min 30 · no preparation

Vous passez l'épreuve d'expression orale, tâche 3. L'examinateur vous écoute, il n'intervient pas et ne vous répond pas : vous êtes seul(e) à parler. Vous n'avez pas de temps de préparation.

Sujet : de plus en plus de grandes villes envisagent de fermer entièrement leur centre à la circulation automobile. Selon vous, faut-il aller jusqu'à interdire les voitures dans les centres-villes ?

Présentez votre point de vue de façon claire et organisée, appuyez-le sur des arguments et des exemples, puis concluez. Vous devez parler de manière spontanée et continue pendant environ 4 minutes 30.

TCF Canada — expression orale — tâche 3

Translation of the prompt

You are taking the speaking test, task 3. The examiner listens to you but does not intervene and does not answer you: you are alone in speaking. You have no preparation time. Topic: more and more large cities are considering closing their centres entirely to car traffic. In your opinion, should cars be banned from city centres? Present your point of view in a clear and organised way, support it with arguments and examples, then conclude. You must speak spontaneously and continuously for about 4 minutes 30 seconds.

How to structure your answer

  1. Introduction (30 seconds): rephrase the question, show that it is a current issue (cities are trialling pedestrianisation) and state your position clearly, along with the main parts of your talk. For example: "Je vais développer trois idées : les bénéfices, les limites, puis la solution que je défends."

  2. Arguments in favour of restriction (1 minute): health and air quality, noise, pedestrian safety, public space given back to residents, effect on shops and tourism. Back this up with one concrete example (a named city or street).

  3. Limits of a total ban (1 minute): social fairness (commuters from the suburbs), people with reduced mobility, deliveries and tradespeople, climate constraints such as the Canadian winter. Use "Cependant" to mark the turn.

  4. Your solution and your answer to the objection (1 minute 30): public transport first, low-emission zones, congestion charge, exemptions, park-and-ride. Then answer those who think a gradual transition is too slow given the climate emergency: concede the point ("C'est vrai que..."), then counter it ("Mais l'expérience montre que...").

  5. Conclusion (30 seconds): sum up your position in one or two sentences and end on a strong closing line (persuade before compelling). Keep talking until the time is up: you are alone, and the examiner will not help you.

Model answer

about 538 words

Bonjour. La question que vous me posez est très actuelle, car de nombreuses métropoles, de Montréal à Paris en passant par Oslo, testent des centres-villes sans voitures. Pour ma part, je pense qu'il ne faut pas une interdiction totale et immédiate, mais une restriction progressive et bien accompagnée. Je vais développer trois idées : les bénéfices d'une telle mesure, ses limites, puis la solution que je défends.

Commençons par les avantages, qui sont réels. D'abord, la santé publique. Les moteurs thermiques émettent des particules fines et du dioxyde d'azote, qui provoquent des maladies respiratoires, surtout chez les enfants et les personnes âgées. Moins de voitures, c'est un air plus propre et moins de bruit. Ensuite, la sécurité : dans les rues piétonnes, les accidents diminuent nettement. Enfin, l'espace public est rendu aux habitants. Quand on remplace des places de stationnement par des terrasses, des arbres et des pistes cyclables, le centre devient un lieu de vie agréable, ce qui attire aussi les touristes. À Montréal, la rue Sainte-Catherine, piétonnisée en été, en est un bon exemple : les commerçants y ont vu revenir les clients.

Cependant, une interdiction brutale pose de vrais problèmes. Premièrement, l'équité sociale. Tout le monde n'habite pas près du centre, et beaucoup de travailleurs, souvent modestes, vivent en banlieue, là où les transports en commun sont insuffisants. Leur interdire la voiture sans alternative, c'est les pénaliser. Deuxièmement, il y a les personnes à mobilité réduite, les personnes âgées et les familles avec de jeunes enfants, qui ont parfois besoin d'un véhicule. Troisièmement, les livraisons et les artisans : un plombier ou un commerçant ne peut pas tout transporter à vélo. Enfin, au Canada, l'hiver rend la marche et le vélo difficiles pendant plusieurs mois, ce qui limite l'argument de la mobilité douce.

Alors, quelle est ma position ? Je suis favorable à une réduction forte de la circulation, mais pas à une interdiction absolue. Je propose d'abord de développer massivement les transports en commun : métro, bus fréquents, trains de banlieue, avec des tarifs abordables, avant de restreindre quoi que ce soit. Ensuite, il faut créer des zones à faibles émissions et instaurer un péage urbain, comme à Londres ou à Stockholm, pour décourager les trajets inutiles tout en finançant les transports. Il faut aussi prévoir des dérogations pour les résidents, les livraisons à certaines heures, les ambulances et les personnes handicapées. Enfin, on peut installer de grands parcs relais à l'entrée de la ville, pour que les automobilistes laissent leur voiture et prennent le tramway.

On me répondra peut-être qu'un changement progressif est trop lent face à l'urgence climatique. C'est vrai que le transport est une source majeure de gaz à effet de serre. Mais l'expérience montre que les mesures imposées sans concertation provoquent des rejets et finissent parfois par être abandonnées. Une transition accompagnée, au contraire, est mieux acceptée et plus durable.

Pour conclure, je pense que le centre-ville doit appartenir d'abord aux piétons, aux cyclistes et aux transports collectifs, mais que la voiture ne doit pas être bannie du jour au lendemain. Il faut convaincre avant de contraindre : offrir des alternatives crédibles, puis réduire progressivement la place de la voiture. C'est ainsi que l'on conciliera écologie, justice sociale et vie économique. Je vous remercie.

Show the translation

Hello. The question you are asking me is very topical, because many major cities, from Montreal to Paris by way of Oslo, are trialling car-free city centres. Personally, I think that there should not be a total and immediate ban, but a gradual and well-supported restriction. I am going to develop three ideas: the benefits of such a measure, its limits, and then the solution I support.

Let us begin with the advantages, which are real. First, public health. Combustion engines emit fine particles and nitrogen dioxide, which cause respiratory diseases, especially in children and the elderly. Fewer cars means cleaner air and less noise. Next, safety: in pedestrian streets, accidents fall markedly. Finally, public space is given back to residents. When parking spaces are replaced by café terraces, trees and cycle paths, the centre becomes a pleasant place to live, which also attracts tourists. In Montreal, Sainte-Catherine Street, pedestrianised in summer, is a good example: shopkeepers have seen customers return.

However, a sudden ban raises real problems. Firstly, social fairness. Not everyone lives near the centre, and many workers, often on modest incomes, live in the suburbs, where public transport is inadequate. Banning them from using their car without an alternative penalises them. Secondly, there are people with reduced mobility, the elderly and families with young children, who sometimes need a vehicle. Thirdly, deliveries and tradespeople: a plumber or a shopkeeper cannot carry everything by bike. Lastly, in Canada, winter makes walking and cycling difficult for several months, which limits the argument for soft mobility.

So, what is my position? I am in favour of a strong reduction in traffic, but not of an absolute ban. First, I propose developing public transport on a massive scale: metro, frequent buses, suburban trains, with affordable fares, before restricting anything. Then, we need to create low-emission zones and introduce a congestion charge, as in London or Stockholm, to deter unnecessary trips while funding public transport. We must also provide exemptions for residents, for deliveries at certain times, for ambulances and for disabled people. Finally, we can build large park-and-ride facilities at the edge of the city, so that drivers leave their cars and take the tram.

Some will perhaps answer that a gradual change is too slow given the climate emergency. It is true that transport is a major source of greenhouse gases. But experience shows that measures imposed without consultation provoke rejection and sometimes end up being abandoned. A supported transition, on the contrary, is better accepted and more lasting.

To conclude, I think that the city centre must belong first to pedestrians, cyclists and public transport, but that the car must not be banned overnight. We must persuade before compelling: offer credible alternatives, then gradually reduce the space given to the car. That is how we will reconcile ecology, social justice and economic life. Thank you.

Key vocabulary

Word or phraseMeaning
piétonniser une rueto turn a street into a pedestrian-only zone, with no cars
la mobilité doucesoft mobility: getting around without a polluting engine, e.g. walking, cycling, scooters
les particules finesfine particles: tiny polluting dust particles, mostly from engines, that are harmful to the lungs
une zone à faibles émissionslow-emission zone: an area of a city where the most polluting vehicles are banned or restricted
un péage urbaincongestion charge: a fee paid to drive into a city centre
un parc relaispark-and-ride: a car park at the edge of a city connected to the metro or tram
une dérogationan exemption: special permission not to follow a rule
les transports en communpublic transport: buses, metro, trams and trains used by the public
les gaz à effet de serregreenhouse gases: gases responsible for global warming, such as CO2
dissuader quelqu'un de faire quelque choseto dissuade or deter someone from doing something; to make them not want to do it
la congestion / les embouteillagescongestion / traffic jams: when traffic is very dense and moves slowly
à mobilité réduitewith reduced mobility: said of a person who has difficulty moving around (because of disability or age)
concilier A et Bto reconcile A and B: to make two seemingly opposed things coexist
la transition écologiqueecological transition: the gradual shift towards a less polluting way of life

Common mistakes

  • "Malgré que" and "bien que" are followed by the subjunctive, never the indicative. "Malgré que" is still criticised by many purists, so in the exam prefer "bien que" or "malgré le fait que".

    WrongBien que c'est utile, ce n'est pas suffisant.

    RightBien que ce soit utile, ce n'est pas suffisant.

  • "Pallier" takes a direct object; do not add "à".

    Wrongpallier à un problème

    Rightpallier un problème

  • "À cause que" and "parce que de" do not exist. Use "parce que" + clause, or "à cause de" + noun.

    Wrongà cause que les rues sont bloquées

    Rightparce que les rues sont bloquées / à cause des embouteillages

  • After "il faut que", "je souhaite que", "il est nécessaire que", use the subjunctive, not the indicative (present or future).

    WrongIl faut que les villes agiront.

    RightIl faut que les villes agissent.

  • "Plus meilleur" and "plus mieux" are double comparatives. Use "meilleur", "mieux", or "bien meilleur".

    WrongC'est plus meilleur pour la santé.

    RightC'est bien meilleur pour la santé.

  • Do not repeat the subject with a pronoun ("Les gens, ils..."). It is common in casual speech, but in a formal oral exam you should avoid it.

    WrongLes gens, ils pensent que...

    RightLes gens pensent que...

  • Watch the articles and contractions ("des transports", "du centre-ville", "aux piétons"), and use the fixed expression "les transports en commun", not "les transports communs".

    Wrongles transports communs

    Rightles transports en commun

  • Do not link your arguments with only "et puis", "aussi" or "en effet". Vary your connectors: "d'une part... d'autre part", "en outre", "cependant", "par conséquent".

  • Do not stay too general. In task 3, a precise example (a city, a measure, a figure) makes an argument convincing.

  • Do not speak too fast or stop before time is up. Prepare 4 to 5 developed ideas to fill 4 minutes 30, and use rephrasing if you get stuck ("autrement dit", "c'est-à-dire").

The grammar this task needs

The subjunctive after expressions of necessity, wish and concession (il faut que, je souhaite que, bien que)

In this topic you give opinions and recommendations ("il faut que les villes agissent") and concede points to the other side ("bien que ce soit utile"). The subjunctive is expected every time. Note that "malgré que" is a frequent slip, and that "après que" takes the indicative in careful usage.

  • Il faut que les villes développent les transports en commun avant de restreindre la circulation.
  • Je souhaite que les habitants puissent circuler librement sans dépendre de leur voiture.
  • Bien que la mesure soit utile, elle ne doit pas pénaliser les travailleurs modestes.
  • Il est nécessaire que les personnes à mobilité réduite conservent un accès au centre.

Conditional and hypothetical sentences with si (si + imparfait → conditionnel présent)

To defend a solution, you need to imagine its effects ("Si on instaurait un péage urbain, les trajets inutiles diminueraient"). It is also a good way to show a range of structures to the examiner.

  • Si on instaurait un péage urbain, les automobilistes renonceraient aux trajets inutiles.
  • Si les transports en commun étaient plus fréquents, beaucoup de banlieusards laisseraient leur voiture.
  • Si l'on interdisait tout d'un coup les voitures, les commerçants risqueraient de perdre des clients.

Logical connectors for contrast, addition and consequence

The task is a 4 minutes 30 monologue without any intervention from the examiner. Varied connectors show the structure of your argument (for / against / solution) and avoid the repeated "et puis" and "aussi" that the marker will penalise.

  • D'une part, la qualité de l'air s'améliore ; d'autre part, l'espace public est rendu aux habitants.
  • Cependant, une interdiction brutale pose de vrais problèmes d'équité sociale.
  • En outre, l'hiver canadien limite le recours à la mobilité douce.
  • Par conséquent, il faut offrir des alternatives crédibles avant d'interdire.

Correct use of articles and prepositions (pallier un problème, les transports en commun, à cause de + nom)

The topic uses a lot of fixed expressions and contracted articles (du centre-ville, aux piétons, des transports). Mistakes with them are the most common ones in this vocabulary and are easily noticed at B2/C1 level.

  • Les parcs relais permettent de pallier le manque de places de stationnement.
  • Le centre-ville doit appartenir aux piétons et aux cyclistes.
  • À cause de la congestion, les bus avancent lentement.
  • Les transports en commun doivent être fréquents et abordables.

Phrases to reuse

PhraseWhen to use it
La question que vous me posez est très actuelle, car…Opening: rephrase the question and show that it is topical, in a few seconds.
Pour ma part, je pense que…State your position clearly in the introduction.
Je vais développer trois idées : …Announce the plan so that the examiner can follow your structure.
Commençons par les avantages, qui sont réels.Start the first part and show that you take the opposing view seriously.
D'abord… Ensuite… Enfin…List several arguments within one part in a clear order.
Cependant, … pose de vrais problèmes.Make the turn to the limits or drawbacks of the measure.
Alors, quelle est ma position ?A spoken rhetorical question to introduce your own solution after the for/against parts.
Je suis favorable à… mais pas à…Express a nuanced position, which is better than a flat yes or no.
On me répondra peut-être que…Anticipate an objection, then answer it with « C'est vrai que… mais… ».
À Montréal, … en est un bon exemple.Introduce a concrete example (city, measure, figure) to support an argument.
Autrement dit, … / c'est-à-dire…Reformulate when you are stuck or need to fill time without repeating yourself.
Pour conclure, il faut convaincre avant de contraindre.Close with a summary and a memorable final line.

Ideas bank

PositionArgumentExample
ForPublic health: fewer fine particles and less nitrogen dioxide means fewer respiratory diseases.Children and older people benefit most from cleaner air in a centre without combustion engines.
ForSafety and quiet: fewer cars means fewer accidents and less noise.In pedestrian streets, accidents involving walkers fall sharply and people can talk on café terraces.
ForPublic space given back to residents: parking spaces become terraces, trees and cycle lanes.The centre becomes a pleasant place to live, which also attracts tourists.
ForPositive effect on shops when streets are pedestrianised.Rue Sainte-Catherine in Montréal, pedestrianised in summer, saw customers return to its shops.
AgainstSocial fairness: many modest workers live in the suburbs, where public transport is insufficient.A cleaner who starts work at 5 a.m. has no bus or metro at that hour, so a ban would penalise her.
AgainstPeople with reduced mobility, older people and families with young children sometimes really need a vehicle.A person in a wheelchair cannot always use a bus or walk long distances to a medical appointment.
AgainstDeliveries and craftspeople: a plumber or a shopkeeper cannot carry everything by bike.A plumber with his tools or a baker receiving heavy supplies needs motor access.
AgainstClimate: the Canadian winter makes walking and cycling hard for several months, which weakens the argument for soft mobility.With snow and -20 °C, few people will cycle to work from November to March.
NuanceThe solution: develop public transport first, then restrict (low-emission zones, urban toll, exemptions, park-and-ride).London and Stockholm use an urban toll that discourages unnecessary trips and funds public transport.
NuanceReply to the objection that gradual change is too slow given the climate emergency.Measures imposed without consultation cause rejection and are sometimes abandoned, whereas an accompanied transition lasts longer.

What the examiner looks for

The marker wants a continuous, organised monologue of about 4 minutes 30: an introduction that rephrases the question and announces the plan, clearly separated parts, and a conclusion. A clear position is expected, and a nuanced one is perfectly acceptable if you defend it consistently. Each argument must be backed by a concrete example (a city, a measure, a figure), not general statements. At B2/C1 level the marker looks for varied connectors, correct use of the subjunctive and conditional, precise topic vocabulary and the ability to answer an objection. Running out of things to say before the end of the time, or speaking too fast, is penalised: prepare 4 to 5 developed ideas and use reformulations if you get stuck.