/ɛtʁ/to beA1
- Family
- Fully irregular — a law unto itself
- Takes
- an adjective · a noun — Followed by an adjective or a noun — and it is the auxiliary for motion and reflexive verbs
Build map — what to memorise
These three pieces are learnt; every other tense is built from them.
ser-+-ai -as -a -ons -ez -ont
Futur stem + imparfait endings
ser-+-ais -ais -ait -ions -iez -aient
aller + infinitive
être
Takes avoir
avoir (present) + past participle
été
Auxiliary in the imparfait + past participle
été
Conjugation
| I | je suis/ʒə syi/I am | /ʒə syi/ | I am |
| you | tu es/ty ɛ/you are | /ty ɛ/ | you are |
| he/she | il est/il ɛ/he is | /il ɛ/ | he is |
| we | nous sommes/nu sɔm/we are | /nu sɔm/ | we are |
| you | vous êtes/vuz ɛt/you are | /vuz ɛt/ | you are |
| they | ils sont/il sɔ̃/they are | /il sɔ̃/ | they are |
Examples
- /ʒə sɥi e.ty.djɑ̃/
Je suis étudiant.I'm a student.
- /il ɛ kɔ̃.tɑ̃/
Il est content.He's happy.
- /nu sɔm fʁɑ̃.sɛ/
Nous sommes français.We're French.
Set phrases
être en retardto be late
être en train deto be in the middle of
être d'accordto agree
Notes
No article before a job:
Je suis étudiant, notun étudiant. ButC'est un étudiantdoes take one. Seetravail-metiers.English uses "be" where French uses
avoirfor age, hunger, cold, fear and being right.J'ai faim, neverJe suis faim. See theavoirpage.It is the auxiliary for the 15 motion verbs and all reflexives, and then the participle agrees:
Elle est allée. Seepasse-compose-etre.