为什么词组搭配是英语流利的关键
你是否好奇为什么有些英语学习者听起来很自然,而另一些人即使语法完美也显得生硬?秘密就在于词组搭配(Collocations)——母语者习惯放在一起使用的单词。
你可以说 "do homework",但不能说 "make homework"。你会 "make a decision" 而不是 "take a break"。这些组合不是随机的,学习它们是地道表达的基础。
在本指南中,我们按场景整理了30个必备搭配:商务、生活、学术和情感。
1什么是词组搭配?为什么它们很重要?
词组搭配是经常一起出现的单词组合。母语者通过大量接触自然习得,但学习者需要刻意学习。
为什么重要?
正确使用搭配是将“课本英语”与自然表达区分开的关键。
商务与职场搭配
职场必备短语
make a decision
经过思考后做出决定
Context:用于会议、规划和任何需要选择的场合
Example:"We need to make a decision about the budget by Friday."
Not: do a decision
meet a deadline
在规定时间内完成工作
Context:工作项目、任务或任何有时间限制的工作
Example:"The team worked overtime to meet the deadline."
Not: catch a deadline
reach an agreement
达成共识
Context:谈判、合同、解决纠纷
Example:"After three hours, both parties reached an agreement."
Not: make an agreement
take responsibility
承担责任
Context:领导力、承认错误、所有权
Example:"A good leader takes responsibility for their team's failures."
Not: have responsibility
conduct research
进行系统研究
Context:学术工作、市场分析
Example:"We conducted research to understand customer preferences."
Not: make research
launch a product
发布新产品
Context:市场营销、商务公告、创业公司
Example:"Apple will launch a product next month."
Not: start a product
draw a conclusion
根据证据得出结论
Context:分析、演示、学术写作
Example:"Based on the data, we can draw a conclusion about market trends."
Not: make a conclusion
raise concerns
表达疑虑或担忧
Context:会议、反馈环节、风险讨论
Example:"Several employees raised concerns about the new policy."
Not: lift concerns
address an issue
处理或讨论问题
Context:解决问题、会议、客户服务
Example:"Let's address this issue before it becomes bigger."
Not: speak an issue
submit a report
正式提交报告
Context:工作交付物、学术作业
Example:"Please submit the report by end of day."
Not: give a report
日常生活与对话搭配
每天都会用到的短语
take a break
休息一下
Context:工作、学习、任何需要停顿的活动
Example:"Let's take a break and grab some coffee."
Not: make a break
make time
腾出时间做某事
Context:优先安排活动、人际关系、自我保健
Example:"I always make time for exercise in the morning."
Not: create time
catch a cold
感冒
Context:健康情况、请假理由、寒暄
Example:"I caught a cold from my coworker."
Not: get a cold
pay attention
集中注意力
Context:课堂、会议、重要谈话
Example:"Please pay attention to the safety instructions."
Not: give attention
keep in touch
保持联系
Context:告别、社交、友谊
Example:"It was great meeting you — let's keep in touch!"
Not: stay in touch
have a good time
玩得开心
Context:聚会、假期、社交活动
Example:"We had a good time at the concert last night."
Not: make a good time
make a mistake
犯错
Context:承认错误、学习中、日常交流
Example:"Everyone makes mistakes — it's how we learn."
Not: do a mistake
get along with
与某人相处融洽
Context:描述人际关系、工作氛围
Example:"I get along with most of my colleagues."
Not: go along with
run out of
用尽某物
Context:购物、资源、时间管理
Example:"We ran out of milk — can you pick some up?"
Not: finish of
look forward to
期待
Context:邮件、表达兴奋、未来计划
Example:"I look forward to meeting you next week."
Not: look ahead to
学术与正式搭配
适用于论文、报告和正式沟通
carry out
执行或完成任务
Context:研究、实验、公务
Example:"Scientists carried out experiments to test the hypothesis."
Not: do out
highly recommended
强烈推荐
Context:评论、推荐信、建议
Example:"This book is highly recommended for beginners."
Not: very recommended
widely accepted
被广泛接受/认可
Context:学术写作、公认事实
Example:"It is widely accepted that exercise improves mental health."
Not: largely accepted
strictly prohibited
严厉禁止
Context:规则、条例、法律文件
Example:"Smoking is strictly prohibited in this area."
Not: strongly prohibited
pose a threat
构成威胁
Context:风险分析、安全、环境讨论
Example:"Climate change poses a threat to coastal cities."
Not: make a threat
情感与描述性搭配
形象地表达感受和描述事物
deeply concerned
深切关注/十分担心
Context:表达担忧、正式投诉、新闻报道
Example:"Parents are deeply concerned about online safety."
Not: very concerned
bitterly disappointed
极其失望
Context:表达强烈的失望感
Example:"She was bitterly disappointed when she didn't get the job."
Not: very disappointed
perfectly clear
非常清楚/显而易见
Context:澄清观点、强调理解
Example:"Let me make this perfectly clear: we will not accept late submissions."
Not: totally clear
heavy rain
大雨
Context:天气描述、新闻、日常闲聊
Example:"The heavy rain caused flooding in several areas."
Not: strong rain
strong opinion
坚定的看法
Context:讨论、辩论、表达观点
Example:"He has a strong opinion about immigration policy."
Not: heavy opinion
6如何有效练习搭配
仅了解是不够的,你需要练习使用:
在语境中学习
不要死记硬背单词对。在句子和故事中学习。观察母语者是如何组合单词的。
使用完整句子的闪卡
制作包含搭配的完整句子闪卡,帮助大脑记忆语境。
积极产出练习
不要只满足于能认出,要尝试在写作和口语中主动使用它们。
按主题分组
按商务、健康、情感等主题组织搭配,方便在特定场合调用。
使用AI工具获取语境
FlexiLingo 等工具可以自动检测视频中的固定搭配,展示真实的母语用法。
7需避免的常见搭配错误
- 使用意义相近但搭配错误的动词(例如:错用 "do a decision" 而非 "make a decision")。
- 过度使用 "very" 而忽略了更强有力的搭配副词(例如:用 "highly recommended" 而非 "very recommended")。
- 直接从母语直译。词组搭配通常无法互译,必须将其作为英语的固定块来学习。
8在写作中使用搭配
在报告和论文中,将通用词换成强有力的搭配。用 "achieve success" 代替 "do well"。
阅读雅思、托福的高分范文,划出其中的搭配并尝试复用。
9使用 FlexiLingo 学习搭配
观看YouTube视频时,FlexiLingo会高亮固定表达。你可以一键保存并使用间隔重复系统进行复习。
在商务视频和纪录片中使用它,建立契合实际用法的词库,而不仅是课本列表。
常见问题
我应该学习多少个搭配?
先从本指南中的30-50个高频搭配开始。质量和语境比数量更重要。
FlexiLingo可以检测搭配吗?
可以。它会自动识别并标记视频和文本中的常用词组搭配。